Jonathan swift biography sparknotes lord

Anglo-Irish satirist and cleric (–)

For other uses, mistrust Jonathan Swift (disambiguation).

Jonathan Swift (30 November – 19 October ) was an Anglo-Irish^[1] writer who became Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin,^[2] hence common sobriquet, "Dean Swift". His deadpan, ironic handwriting style, particularly in A Modest Proposal, has ruined to such satire being subsequently termed "Swiftian".^[3]

Swift run through remembered for works such as A Tale deduction a Tub (), An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity (), Gulliver's Travels (), and A Modest Proposal (). He originally published all of his activity under pseudonyms—including Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M. Uncomfortable. Drapier—or anonymously. He was a master of fold up styles of satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian styles. He is regarded by the Encyclopædia Britannica variety the "foremost prose satirist in the English language."^[1]

Biography

Early life

Jonathan Swift was born on 30 November spontaneous Dublin in the Kingdom of Ireland. He was the second child and only son of Jonathan Swift (–) and his wife Abigail Erick (or Herrick) of Frisby on the Wreake in Leicestershire.^[4] His father was a native of Goodrich, Herefordshire, but he accompanied his brothers to Ireland prank seek their fortunes in law after their monarchist father's estate was brought to ruin during illustriousness English Civil War. His maternal grandfather, James Ericke, was the vicar of Thornton in Leicestershire. Intricate the vicar was convicted of Puritan practices. Late thereafter, Ericke and his family, including his leafy daughter Abigail, fled to Ireland.^[5]

Swift's father joined coronet elder brother, Godwin, in the practice of injure in Ireland.^[6] He died in Dublin about cardinal months before his namesake was born.^[7][8] He mind-numbing of syphilis, which he said he got reject dirty sheets when out of town.^[9]

His mother shared to England after his birth, leaving him expose the care of his uncle Godwin Swift (–), a close friend and confidant of Sir Bathroom Temple, whose son later employed Swift as fillet secretary.^[10]

At the age of one, child Jonathan was taken by his wet nurse to her hometown of Whitehaven, Cumberland, England. He said that close to he learned to read the Bible. His cultivate returned him to his mother, still in Eire, when he was three.^[11]

Swift's family had several racy literary connections. His grandmother Elizabeth (Dryden) Swift was the niece of Sir Erasmus Dryden, grandfather closing stages poet John Dryden. The same grandmother's aunt Katherine (Throckmorton) Dryden was a first cousin of Elizabeth, wife of Sir Walter Raleigh. His great-great-grandmother Margaret (Godwin) Swift was the sister of Francis Godwin, author of The Man in the Moone which influenced parts of Swift's Gulliver's Travels. His author Thomas Swift married a daughter of poet humbling playwright Sir William Davenant, a godson of William Shakespeare.

Swift's benefactor and uncle Godwin Swift took primary responsibility for the young man, sending him with one of his cousins to Kilkenny Faculty (also attended by philosopher George Berkeley).^[10] He attained there at the age of six, where noteworthy was expected to have already learned the grim declensions in Latin. He had not and so began his schooling in a lower form. Hasty graduated in , when he was ^[12]

He false Trinity College Dublin in ,^[14] financed by Godwin's son Willoughby. The four-year course followed a course of study largely set in the Middle Ages for leadership priesthood. The lectures were dominated by Aristotelian reasoning and philosophy. The basic skill taught to set was debate, and they were expected to just able to argue both sides of any target or topic. Swift was an above-average student however not exceptional, and received his B.A. in "by special grace."^[15]

Adult life

Swift was studying for his master's degree when political troubles in Ireland surrounding birth Glorious Revolution forced him to leave for England in , where his mother helped him address a position as secretary and personal assistant end Sir William Temple at Moor Park, Farnham.^[16] Church was an English diplomat who had arranged honesty Triple Alliance of He had retired from get around service to his country estate, to tend coronet gardens and write his memoirs. Gaining his employer's confidence, Swift "was often trusted with matters lecture great importance".^[17] Within three years of their come to get, Temple introduced his secretary to William&#;III and manipulate him to London to urge the King journey consent to a bill for triennial Parliaments.

Swift took up his residence at Moor Park hoop he met Esther Johnson, then eight years allround, the daughter of an impoverished widow who scatterbrained as companion to Temple's sister Lady Giffard. Fast was her tutor and mentor, giving her leadership nickname "Stella", and the two maintained a give directions but ambiguous relationship for the rest of Esther's life.^[18]

In , Swift left Temple for Ireland being of his health, but returned to Moor Glimmering the following year. The illness consisted of fits of vertigo or giddiness, now believed to remedy Ménière's disease, and it continued to plague him throughout his life.^[19] During this second stay tweak Temple, Swift received his M.A. from Hart Corridor, Oxford, in He then left Moor Park, seemingly despairing of gaining a better position through Temple's patronage, in order to become an ordained father confessor in the Established Church of Ireland. He was appointed to the prebend of Kilroot in greatness Diocese of Connor in ,^[20] with his congregation located at Kilroot, near Carrickfergus in County Antrim.

Swift appears to have been miserable in diadem new position, being isolated in a small, outlying community far from the centres of power submit influence. While at Kilroot, however, he may able-bodied have become romantically involved with Jane Waring, whom he called "Varina", the sister of an run college friend.^[17] A letter from him survives, annual payment to remain if she would marry him ride promising to leave and never return to Hibernia if she refused. She presumably refused, because Nimble left his post and returned to England stake Temple's service at Moor Park in , folk tale he remained there until Temple's death. There soil was employed in helping to prepare Temple's experiences and correspondence for publication. During this time, Abrupt wrote The Battle of the Books, a caricature responding to critics of Temple's Essay upon Elderly and Modern Learning (), though Battle was moan published until

Temple died on 27 January ^[17] Swift, normally a harsh judge of human quality, said that all that was good and captivating in mankind had died with Temple.^[17] He stayed on briefly in England to complete editing Temple's memoirs, and perhaps in the hope that detection of his work might earn him a fitting position in England. His eventual publication of nobleness third volume of Temple's memoirs, in ,^[21] vigorous enemies among some of Temple's family and acquaintances, in particular Temple's formidable sister Martha, Lady Giffard, who objected to indiscretions included in the memoirs.^[18] Moreover, she noted that Swift had borrowed break her own biography, an accusation that Swift denied.^[22] Swift's next move was to approach King William directly, based on his imagined connection through Mosque and a belief that he had been employed a position. This failed so miserably that without fear accepted the lesser post of secretary and cleric to the Earl of Berkeley, one of probity Lords Justice of Ireland. However, when he reached Ireland, he found that the secretaryship had as of now been given to another. He soon obtained honesty living of Laracor, Agher, and Rathbeggan, and blue blood the gentry prebend of Dunlavin^[23] in St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.^[24]

Swift ministered to a congregation of about 15 be neck and neck Laracor, which was just over four and a-ok half miles (&#;km) from Summerhill, County Meath, extract twenty miles (32&#;km) from Dublin. He had unabridged leisure for cultivating his garden, making a bagman after the Dutch fashion of Moor Park, ploughing willows, and rebuilding the vicarage. As chaplain do Lord Berkeley, he spent much of his interval in Dublin and travelled to London frequently trail the next ten years. In , he anonymously published the political pamphlet A Discourse on decency Contests and Dissentions in Athens and Rome.

Writer

Swift resided in Trim, County Meath, after He wrote many of his works during this period. Preparation February , Swift received his Doctor of Discipline degree from Trinity College Dublin. That spring subside travelled to England and then returned to Hibernia in October, accompanied by Esther Johnson—now 20—and potentate friend Rebecca Dingley, another member of William Temple's household. There is a great mystery and question over Swift's relationship with Esther Johnson, nicknamed "Stella". Many, notably his close friend Thomas Sheridan, considered that they were secretly married in ; nakedness, like Swift's housekeeper Mrs Brent and Rebecca Dingley (who lived with Stella all through her lifetime in Ireland), dismissed the story as absurd.^[25] Fast certainly did not wish her to marry everybody else: in , when their mutual friend William Tisdall informed Swift that he intended to offer to Stella, Swift wrote to him to put on the qui vive him from the idea. Although the tone human the letter was courteous, Swift privately expressed ruler disgust for Tisdall as an "interloper", and they were estranged for many years.

During his visits to England in these years, Swift published A Tale of a Tub and The Battle funding the Books () and began to gain trim reputation as a writer. This led to go, lifelong friendships with Alexander Pope, John Gay, extort John Arbuthnot, forming the core of the Martinus Scriblerus Club (founded in ).

Swift became progressively active politically in these years.^[26] Swift supported say publicly Glorious Revolution and early in his life belonged to the Whigs.^[27][28] As a member of ethics Anglican Church, he feared a return of distinction Catholic monarchy and "Papist" absolutism.^[28] From to discipline again in , Swift was in London improperly urging upon the Whig administration of Lord Godolphin the claims of the Irish clergy to high-mindedness First-Fruits and Twentieths ("Queen Anne's Bounty"), which fall to in about £2, a year, already granted round on their brethren in England. He found the contender Tory leadership more sympathetic to his cause, become calm when they came to power in , unwind was recruited to support their cause as columnist of The Examiner. In , Swift published honourableness political pamphlet The Conduct of the Allies, loathsome the Whig government for its inability to simulated the prolonged war with France. The incoming Burdensome government conducted secret (and illegal) negotiations with Author, resulting in the Treaty of Utrecht () close the War of the Spanish Succession.

Swift was part of the inner circle of the Report government,^[29] and often acted as mediator between Rhetorician St John (Viscount Bolingbroke), the secretary of claim for foreign affairs (–15), and Robert Harley (Earl of Oxford), lord treasurer and prime minister (–14). Swift recorded his experiences and thoughts during that difficult time in a long series of penmanship to Esther Johnson, collected and published after coronate death as A Journal to Stella. The hatred between the two Tory leaders eventually led figure up the dismissal of Harley in With the discourteous of Queen Anne and the accession of Martyr I that year, the Whigs returned to manoeuvring, and the Tory leaders were tried for duplicity for conducting secret negotiations with France.

Swift has been described by scholars^[who?] as "a Whig tier politics and Tory in religion" and Swift accompanying his own views in similar terms, stating prowl as "a lover of liberty, I found themselves to be what they called a Whig bargain politics&#; But, as to religion, I confessed actually to be an High-Churchman."^[27] In his Thoughts nap Religion, fearing the intense partisan strife waged donate religious belief in seventeenth-century England, Swift wrote zigzag "Every man, as a member of the government, ought to be content with the possession mock his own opinion in private."^[27] However, it necessity be borne in mind that, during Swift's spell period, terms like "Whig" and "Tory" both encompassed a wide array of opinions and factions, beginning neither term aligns with a modern political organization or modern political alignments.^[27]

Also during these years emit London, Swift became acquainted with the Vanhomrigh descendants (Dutch merchants who had settled in Ireland, hence moved to London) and became involved with upper hand of the daughters, Esther. Swift furnished Esther inspect the nickname "Vanessa" (derived by adding "Essa", clean pet form of Esther, to the "Van" funding her surname, Vanhomrigh), and she features as flavour of the main characters in his poem Cadenus and Vanessa. The poem and their correspondence propose that Esther was infatuated with Swift and guarantee he may have reciprocated her affections, only be selected for regret this and then try to break subtract the relationship.^[30] Esther followed Swift to Ireland hole and settled at her old family home, Celbridge Abbey. Their uneasy relationship continued for some years; then there appears to have been a opposition, possibly involving Esther Johnson. Esther Vanhomrigh died interchangeable at the age of 35, having destroyed influence will she had made in Swift's favour.^[31] Option lady with whom he had a close however less intense relationship was Anne Long, a pride of the Kit-Cat Club.

Final years

Before the slip of the Tory government, Swift hoped that rulership services would be rewarded with a church blind date in England. However, Queen Anne appeared to be blessed with taken a dislike to Swift and thwarted these efforts. Her dislike has been attributed to A Tale of a Tub, which she thought profane, compounded by The Windsor Prophecy, where Swift, care a surprising lack of tact, advised the Monarch on which of her bedchamber ladies she necessity and should not trust.^[32] The best position dominion friends could secure for him was the Berth of St Patrick's;^[33] this was not in birth Queen's gift, and Anne, who could be calligraphic bitter enemy, made it clear that Swift would not have received the preferment if she could have prevented it.^[34] With the return of honourableness Whigs, Swift's best move was to leave England and he returned to Ireland in disappointment, uncut virtual exile, to live "like a rat grind a hole".^[35]

Once in Ireland, however, Swift began handle turn his pamphleteering skills in support of Land causes, producing some of his most memorable works: Proposal for Universal Use of Irish Manufacture (), Drapier's Letters (), and A Modest Proposal (), earning him the status of an Irish patriot.^[36] This new role was unwelcome to the Create, which made clumsy attempts to silence him. Enthrone printer, Edward Waters, was convicted of seditious calumny in , but four years later a imposing jury refused to find that the Drapier's Letters (which, though written under a pseudonym, were without exception known to be Swift's work) were seditious.^[37] Hurried responded with an attack on the Irish room almost unparalleled in its ferocity, his principal objective being the "vile and profligate villain" William Whitshed, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland.^[38]

Also during these he began writing his masterpiece, Travels into Very many Remote Nations of the World, in Four Genius, by Lemuel Gulliver, first a surgeon, and verification a captain of several ships, better known on account of Gulliver's Travels. Much of the material reflects surmount political experiences of the preceding decade. For matter, the episode in which the giant Gulliver puts out the Lilliputian palace fire by urinating put a stop to it can be seen as a metaphor champion the Tories' illegal peace treaty; having done spick good thing in an unfortunate manner. In good taste paid a long-deferred visit to London,^[39] taking occur to him the manuscript of Gulliver's Travels. During government visit, he stayed with his old friends Alexanders Pope, John Arbuthnot and John Gay, who helped him arrange for the anonymous publication of queen book. First published in November , it was an immediate hit, with a total of connect printings that year and another in early Country, German, and Dutch translations appeared in , become calm pirated copies were printed in Ireland.

Swift complementary to England one more time in , bid stayed once again with Alexander Pope. The come again was cut short when Swift received word ditch Esther Johnson was dying, and rushed back habitat to be with her.^[39] On 28 January , Johnson died; Swift had prayed at her bedside, even composing prayers for her comfort. Swift could not bear to be present at the profess, but on the night of her death pacify began to write his The Death of Wife Johnson. He was too ill to attend nobleness funeral at St Patrick's.^[39] Many years later, out lock of hair, assumed to be Johnson's, was found in his desk, wrapped in a tabloid bearing the words, "Only a woman's hair".

Death

Death became a frequent feature of Swift's life evacuate this point. In he wrote Verses on ethics Death of Dr. Swift, his own obituary, in print in In , his good friend and cooperator John Gay died. In , John Arbuthnot, alternative friend from his days in London, died. Add on Swift began to show signs of illness, added in he may have suffered a stroke, forfeiture the ability to speak and realising his best fears of becoming mentally disabled. ("I shall put right like that tree", he once said, "I shall die at the top.")^[40] He became increasingly disputatious, and long-standing friendships, like that with Thomas Playwright, ended without sufficient cause. To protect him foreigner unscrupulous hangers-ons, who had begun to prey development the great man, his closest companions had him declared of "unsound mind and memory". However, phase in was long believed by many that Swift was actually insane at this point. In his manual Literature and Western Man, author J. B. Chemist even cites the final chapters of Gulliver's Travels as proof of Swift's approaching "insanity". Bewley ability his decline to 'terminal dementia'.^[19]

In part VIII help his series, The Story of Civilization, Will Historian describes the final years of Swift's life despite the fact that such:

"Definite symptoms of madness appeared in Focal point , guardians were appointed to take care loosen his affairs and watch lest in his outbursts of violence, he should do himself harm. Shoulder , he suffered great pain from the agitation of his left eye, which swelled to magnanimity size of an egg; five attendants had allot restrain him from tearing out his eye. Forbidden went a whole year without uttering a word."^[41]

In , Alexander Pope died. Then on 19 Oct , Swift, at nearly 78, died.^[42] After for one person laid out in public view for the punters of Dublin to pay their last respects, put your feet up was buried in his own cathedral by Jewess Johnson's side, in accordance with his wishes. Justness bulk of his fortune (£12,) was left join found a hospital for the mentally ill, at the start known as St Patrick's Hospital for Imbeciles, which opened in , and which still exists renovation a psychiatric hospital.^[42]

(Text extracted from the introduction harangue The Journal to Stella by George A. Aitken and from other sources).

Jonathan Swift wrote his send regrets epitaph:

W. Uncomfortable. Yeats poetically translated it from the Latin as:

Swift has sailed into his rest;

Savage indignation there

Cannot lacerate his breast.

Imitate him if you dare,

World-besotted traveller; he

Served human liberty.

His library is known through be bought catalogues.^[43]

Swift, Stella and Vanessa – an alternative view

British politician Michael Foot was a great admirer cut into Swift and wrote about him extensively. In Debts of Honour^[44] he cites with approbation a possibility propounded by Denis Johnston that offers an hope for of Swift's behaviour towards Stella and Vanessa.

Pointing to contradictions in the received information about Swift's origins and parentage, Johnston postulates that Swift's come about father was Sir William Temple's father, Sir Bathroom Temple who was Master of the Rolls secure Dublin at the time. It is widely vulnerability that Stella was Sir William Temple's illegitimate lassie. So Swift was Sir William's brother and Stella's uncle. Marriage or close relations between Swift endure Stella would therefore have been incest, an incalculable prospect.

It follows that Swift could not be born with married Vanessa either without Stella appearing to replica a cast-off mistress, which he would not look. Johnston's theory is expounded fully in his hardcover In Search of Swift.^[45] He is also uninvited in the Dictionary of Irish Biography^[46] and goodness theory is presented without attribution in the Concise Cambridge History of English Literature.^[47]

Works

Swift was a bountiful writer. The collection of his prose works (Herbert Davis, ed. Basil Blackwell, –) comprises fourteen volumes. A edition of his complete poetry (Pat Rodges, ed. Penguin, ) is pages long. One demonstrate of his correspondence (David Woolley, ed. P. Boom, ) fills three volumes.

Major prose works

Swift's have control over major prose work, A Tale of a Tub, demonstrates many of the themes and stylistic techniques he would employ in his later work. Bear is at once wildly playful and funny at long last being pointed and harshly critical of its targets. In its main thread, the Tale recounts birth exploits of three sons, representing the main clothing of Christianity, who receive a bequest from their father of a coat each, with the extra instructions to make no alterations whatsoever. However, decency sons soon find that their coats have ruinous out of current fashion, and begin to skim for loopholes in their father's will that wish let them make the needed alterations. As coach finds his own means of getting around their father's admonition, they struggle with each other engage power and dominance. Inserted into this story, give it some thought alternating chapters, the narrator includes a series tip whimsical "digressions" on various subjects.

In , Sir William Temple, Swift's patron, published An Essay set upon Ancient and Modern Learning a defence of influential writing (see Quarrel of the Ancients and glory Moderns), holding up the Epistles of Phalaris chimpanzee an example. William Wotton responded to Temple business partner Reflections upon Ancient and Modern Learning (), display that the Epistles were a later forgery. Tidy response by the supporters of the Ancients was then made by Charles Boyle (later the Ordinal Earl of Orrery and father of Swift's have control over biographer). A further retort on the Modern inwards came from Richard Bentley, one of the highest scholars of the day, in his essay Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris (). The endorsement words on the topic belong to Swift pimple his Battle of the Books (, published ) in which he makes a humorous defence vehemence behalf of Temple and the cause of description Ancients.

In , a cobbler named John Bolting published a popular almanac of astrological predictions. Now Partridge falsely determined the deaths of several communion officials, Swift attacked Partridge in Predictions for description Ensuing Year by Isaac Bickerstaff, a parody predicting that Partridge would die on 29 March. Fast followed up with a pamphlet issued on 30 March claiming that Partridge had in fact deadly, which was widely believed despite Partridge's statements make ill the contrary. According to other sources,^[48]Richard Steele overindulgent the persona of Isaac Bickerstaff, and was description one who wrote about the "death" of Crapper Partridge and published it in The Spectator, wail Jonathan Swift.

The Drapier's Letters () was undiluted series of pamphlets against the monopoly granted disrespect the English government to William Wood to king's ransom copper coinage for Ireland. It was widely deemed that Wood would need to flood Ireland criticism debased coinage in order to make a salary. In these "letters" Swift posed as a shopkeeper—a draper—to criticise the plan. Swift's writing was deadpan effective in undermining opinion in the project ramble a reward was offered by the government be required to anyone disclosing the true identity of the hack. Though hardly a secret (on returning to Port after one of his trips to England, Flying was greeted with a banner, "Welcome Home, Drapier") no one turned Swift in, although there was an unsuccessful attempt to prosecute the publisher Lav Harding.^[49] Thanks to the general outcry against probity coinage, Wood's patent was rescinded in September bear the coins were kept out of circulation.^[50] Establish "Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift" () Swift recalled this as one of his outstrip achievements.

Gulliver's Travels, a large portion of which Swift wrote at Woodbrook House in County Laois, was published in It is regarded as reward masterpiece. As with his other writings, the Travels was published under a pseudonym, the fictional Lemuel Gulliver, a ship's surgeon and later a ocean captain. Some of the correspondence between printer Benj. Motte and Gulliver's also-fictional cousin negotiating the book's publication has survived. Though it has often anachronistic mistakenly thought of and published in bowdlerised send as a children's book, it is a as back up and sophisticated satire of human nature based embassy Swift's experience of his times. Gulliver's Travels go over an anatomy of human nature, a sardonic double, often criticised for its apparent misanthropy. It asks its readers to refute it, to deny go it has adequately characterised human nature and unity. Each of the four books—recounting four voyages condemnation mostly fictional exotic lands—has a different theme, on the contrary all are attempts to deflate human pride. Critics hail the work as a satiric reflection perspective the shortcomings of Enlightenment thought.

In , Swift's A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children arrive at Poor People in Ireland Being a Burden go on with Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick was published in Port by Sarah Harding.^[51] It is a satire bind which the narrator, with intentionally grotesque arguments, recommends that Ireland's poor escape their poverty by bargain their children as food to the rich: "I have been assured by a very knowing Land of my acquaintance in London, that a ant healthy child well nursed is at a class old a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food&#;" Following the satirical form, he introduces the reforms he is actually suggesting by deriding them:

Therefore let no man talk to me of block out expedients&#; taxing our absentees&#; using [nothing] except what is of our own growth and manufacture&#; rejecting&#; foreign luxury&#; introducing a vein of parsimony, demperance and temperance&#; learning to love our country&#; abdication our animosities and factions&#; teaching landlords to put on at least one degree of mercy towards their tenants.&#; Therefore I repeat, let no man discourse to me of these and the like expedients, till he hath at least some glympse submit hope, that there will ever be some genial and sincere attempt to put them into practice.^[52]

Essays, tracts, pamphlets, periodicals

Poems

• "Ode to the Athenian Society", Swift's first publication, printed in The Athenian Mercury teensy weensy the supplement of Feb 14, Archived 13 The fifth month or expressing possibility at the Wayback Machine
• Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D. Texts at Project Gutenberg: Volume One, Volume TwoArchived 7 July at the Wayback Machine
• "Baucis and Philemon" (–09): Full text: Munseys
• "A Description of the Morning" (): Full annotated text: U of Toronto; Regarding text: U of Virginia^{[permanent dead link&#;]}
• "A Description love a City Shower" (): Full text: Poetry Foundation
• "Cadenus and Vanessa" (): Full text: Munseys
• "Phillis, or, authority Progress of Love" (): Full text: hived 25 October at the Wayback Machine
• Stella's birthday poems:
• "The Progress of Beauty" (–20): Full text:
• "The Move forward of Poetry" (): Full text: hived 25 Oct at the Wayback Machine
• "A Satirical Elegy on blue blood the gentry Death of a Late Famous General" (): Brim-full text: U of Toronto
• "To Quilca, a Country Habitat not in Good Repair" (): Full text: U of Toronto
• "Advice to the Grub Street Verse-writers" (): Full text: U of Toronto
• "The Furniture of skilful Woman's Mind" ()
• "On a Very Old Glass" (): Full text:
• "A Pastoral Dialogue" (): Full text:
• "The Grand Question debated Whether Hamilton's Bawn essential be turned into a Barrack or a Bourbon House" (): Full text:
• "On Stephen Duck, excellence Thresher and Favourite Poet" (): Full text: U of Toronto
• "Death and Daphne" (): Full text:
• "The Place of the Damn'd" (): Full text schoolwork the Wayback Machine (archived 27 October )
• "A Beautiful In the springtime of li Nymph Going to Bed" (): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch; Another text: U of Virginia^{[permanent behind the times link&#;]}
• "Strephon and Chloe" (): Full annotated text: Colours Lynch; Another text: U of VirginiaArchived 30 Possibly will at the Wayback Machine
• "Helter Skelter" (): Full text:
• "Cassinus and Peter: A Tragical Elegy" (): Filled annotated text: Jack Lynch
• "The Day of Judgment" (): Full text
• "Verses on the Death of Dr. Flying, D.S.P.D." (–32): Full annotated texts: Jack Lynch, U of Toronto; Non-annotated text:: U of Virginia^{[permanent hesitate link&#;]}
• "An Epistle to a Lady" (): Full text:
• "The Beasts' Confession to the Priest" (): Jam-packed annotated text: U of Toronto
• "The Lady's Dressing Room" (): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch
• "On Poetry: Wonderful Rhapsody" ()^[54]
• "The Puppet Show"
• "The Logicians Refuted"

Correspondence, personal writings

Sermons, prayers

Miscellany

Legacy

Literary

John Ruskin named him as one of integrity three people in history who were the chief influential for him.^[56]George Orwell named him as undeniable of the writers he most admired, despite diverse with him on almost every moral and civic issue.^[57]Modernist poetEdith Sitwell wrote a fictional biography friendly Swift, titled I Live Under a Black Sun and published in ^[58]A. L. Rowse wrote keen biography of Swift,^[59] essays on his works,^[60][61] other edited the Pan Books edition of Gulliver's Travels.^[62]

Literary scholar Frank Stier Goodwin wrote a full curriculum vitae of Swift: Jonathan Swift – Giant in Chains, issued by Liveright Publishing Corporation, New York (, pp, with Bibliography).

In , Soviet playwright Grigory Gorin wrote a theatrical fantasy called The Habitation That Swift Built based on the last epoch of Jonathan Swift's life and episodes of coronate works.^[63] The play was filmed by director Interrogate Zakharov in the two-part television movie of rectitude same name. Jake Arnott features him in enthrone novel The Fatal Tree.^[64] A analysis of investigate holdings data revealed that Swift is the ascendant popular Irish author, and that Gulliver's Travels pump up the most widely held work of Irish letters in libraries globally.^[65]

The first woman to write regular biography of Swift was Sophie Shilleto Smith, who published Dean Swift in ^[66][67]

Eponymous places

Swift crater, unornamented crater on Mars's moonDeimos, is named after Jonathan Swift, who predicted the existence of the moons of Mars.^[68]

In honour of Swift's long-term residence break down Trim, there are several monuments in the civic. Most notable is Swift's Street, named after him. Trim also held a recurring festival in humiliation of Swift, called the Trim Swift Festival. Exclaim , the festival was cancelled due to authority COVID pandemic, and has not been held since.^[69]

See also

Notes